CD40 and lupus nephritis: Antibodies that target the CD40-CD40L pathway hold significant promise for treating autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, and inflammatory bowel disease.473 In a sepsis mouse model established by cecal ligation and puncture, treatment with CD40L-CD40-TRAF6 signaling pathway blocker compound 6877002 can alleviate intestinal barrier dysfunction, increase ZO-1 and occludin expression, and improve the survival rate of sepsis mice.474