THBS1 and glioblastoma: However, larger, randomized, multicenter studies will ultimately be needed to confirm the findings presented and, in doing so, provide more robust evidence for the use of neuromodulators/anticonvulsant medications as adjuvant therapies in GBM, and to identify optimally responsive sub-populations of patients (e.g., based on TSP-1 quantification at initial resection, serum TSP-1, or structural/functional connectivity).