CASR and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: For example, the gene CASR, which mediates white adipose tissue dysfunction to promote the development of obesity-induced T2D,26 reached significance only in gamma cells (p = 2.3 × 10−6); MSRA, which can cause oxidative stress when downregulated, leading to obesity-induced T2D,27 is identified only in activated stellate cells (p = 1.6 × 10−7), and LPL, associated with a lower risk of T2D when upregulated,28 is found exclusively in quiescent stellate cells (p = 7.6 × 10−8).