GSEA analysis of LUSC showed that NES positive correlation was mainly enriched in the pathways of cell signaling, tissue repair, cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, etc. (Fig 5d), which may be associated with the occurrence and progression of a variety of diseases, including cancers; whereas NES negatively correlates with the main enriched pathways related to lipid metabolism, regulation of inflammatory response, regulation of energy homeostasis and gene expression (Fig 5f). Here, NES is linked to cancer.