CASR and nephrolithiasis: Although positive allosteric modulation of the CaSR might be expected to increase urinary calcium concentrations and therefore kidney stone risk, it is interesting to note that increased urinary calcium excretion is not always reported when cinacalcet is used to treat disorders of impaired CaSR signaling (29–31), thus suggesting that treatment with a positive allosteric modulator such as cinacalcet may possibly be of benefit to patients with kidney stones.