Upregulation of BDNF is observed in both experimental glaucoma cases and optic nerve axotomy experiments (Gupta et al., 2014; Ko et al., 2000), and BDNF has proven neuroprotective effects through promoting the survival and development of RGCs in vitro in several studies (Johnson et al., 1986; Watanabe and Fukuda, 2002). This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and glaucoma.