MAPK3 and neoplasm: In addition to its primary targets Cox-1 and Cox-2, sulindac is thought to exert its anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects through other cell signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, ERK1/2 and PKG and NF-κB signaling pathways (Poursoltani et al., 2021; Rice et al., 2006; Li et al., 2013; Li et al., 2012).