Promoter methylation analysis was conducted for the following tumor-suppressor genes: ATM (NPAT) with four analyzed CpG sites (CpG 1–4), PITX2 (CpG 1–5), RASSF1 (CpG 1–3), PTEN (CpG 1–6), and TIMP3 (CpG 1–6) (Figure 5). Here, ATM is linked to neoplasm.