NEFL and intracerebral hemorrhage: In comparison to healthy controls, who had a mean plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) level of 336.6 ± 58.9 pg./mL, patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) demonstrated significantly elevated pNfL levels, averaging 503.5 ± 98.6 pg./mL (p < 0.001; Figure 1A).