Puerarin greatly enhances the expression of anti-tumor cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12, while diminishing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β, thereby inhibiting the polarization of M2-TAM and promoting the polarization of M1-TAM (130). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.