Primary human aortic endothelial cells (pHAECs) were infected periodically for 48 hours either with P. gingivalis (monobacterial infection) or polybacterial periodontal pathogens, P. gingivalis (Pg), T. forsythia (Tf), T. denticola (Td), and F. nucleatum (Fn), using HoxBan coculture technique. The gene discussed is FN1; the disease is infection.