MMP13 and cancer: Exposure of cancer cells to sublytic levels of MAC alters the expression of G protein and Ca2+ signal transduction (ITPRIP, RGS16), transcription factors (EGR1, EGR2), inflammatory response genes (Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 - IRF1), as well as four other extracellular protein genes (Amphiregulin - AREG, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 - CXCL1, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 - MMP3, and MMP13), impacting cell proliferation and survival (73).