CGA and systemic lupus erythematosus: Blood circulating CgA was found to be elevated in cancer (4, 46), organ failure, inflammation, autoimmune diseases (e.g. Crohn’s disease (CD), diabetes mellitus type 1, giant cell arteritis, RA, SLE), renal failure, sepsis, primary hyperparathyroidism, and some cardiovascular diseases (e.g. atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, Takayasu’s arteritis) (47, 48).