reported that Fn stimulates PD-L1 expression via the STING signaling pathway and boosts the presence of IFN-γ (+) CD8 (+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby enhancing the tumor’s sensitivity to PD-L1 blockade and exerting anti-tumor effects(Figure 5) (156). Here, STING1 is linked to neoplasm.