RIGI and viral infectious disease: The UPS has been reported to play a crucial role in the regulation of host innate and adaptive immunity; a variety of ubiquitin ligases and ubiquitin-binding scaffolding proteins contribute to the positive regulation of antiviral innate immune responses, which is important for host cell resistance to viral infections [28–30].RIG-I is the most important sensor of influenza viruses, and a variety of USP family members can regulate the expression of downstream IFN-I and inflammatory cytokines by modulating the level of RIG-I ubiquitination, and therefore its protein expression.