Furthermore, components of multiple DNA repair pathways exhibited increased mRNA expression in DCM hearts, including Ogg1 (base excision repair, Figure 5C), Xpc (nucleotide excision repair, Figure 5D), Brca1 (homologous recombination, Figure 5E), and Ku70 (non-homologous end joining, Figure 5F). Here, BRCA1 is linked to familial dilated cardiomyopathy.