An analysis of multiple T-cell-associated cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (INF), interleukin-2/-4/-6/-8/-9/-10 (IL), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in 14 patients with proven ICI-AKI showed urine IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-α to be significantly elevated compared to non-ICI AKI patients [24]. Here, TNF is linked to acute kidney injury.