TNF-α concentrations were remarkably consistent across groups, with mean values of 8.22 ± 2.55 ng/mL, 7.93 ± 3.17 ng/mL, and 8.57 ± 5.29 ng/mL in healthy controls, progressive KC, and stable KC, respectively (p = 0.872). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is keratoconus.