ALB and liver failure: They found that CVP at 24 h was associated with a higher AKI incidence, with an OR of 1.50 (95% CI, 1.26–1.80) after adjusting for age, hepatic failure, vascular surgical intervention, MAP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), urinary output, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, GFR, pH, bicarbonate, platelet count, albumin, prothrombin time, and the use of diuretics and vasopressors.