Hormonal deficiencies, such as growth hormone deficiency, hypercortisolism due to Cushing’s syndrome (both ACTH-dependent and ACTH-independent), thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism), hyperparathyroidism, and hypogonadism, are some of the most commonly mentioned endocrine disturbances affecting bone mineral density. The gene discussed is POMC; the disease is hyperparathyroidism.