In studies of prostate cancer, Escherichia coli could target and colonize prostate cancer foci to increase tumor-infiltrating immune cells, such as CD8+T-cells, Th17, DCs, macrophages, and natural killer cells, and to decrease the concentration of Tregs and vascular endothelial growth factor and thus to activate tumor immunity [100]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.