TGFB1 and breast carcinoma: Intriguingly, TGF-β inhibits the secretion of TNF in IgE-sensitized BMMCs [28,29], whereas TGF-β is able to positively regulate CCL-2 production in different cell types, such as vascular smooth muscle cells [30,31], vascular endothelial cells [31,32], mesangial cells [33], and breast cancer cells [34].