Studies are scarce on possible roles for PADs and citrullination in FGR, but there is some evidence that gestational diabetes and pregnancy loss are associated with NETosis (neutrophil extracellular trap formation), which is characterised by histone H3 citrullination and can be partly PAD2 or PAD4-driven, with most studies to date focusing on PAD4 [27,28,29]. Here, PADI4 is linked to gestational diabetes.