PIK3CA and colorectal carcinoma: The transcriptional co-regulatory pathway is critical in the invasive stage of CRC as it modulates the gene expression networks that support rapid cell division and survival under stress, while the protein kinase pathway, involved in signaling pathways including MAPK or PI3K/AKT, facilitates key oncogenic processes such as uncontrolled cellular growth, angiogenesis and metastasis [41,43].