Notably, berberine can promote the differentiation of brown preadipocytes via the AMPK-PRDM16 axis [20], inhibit TLR4/TNF-α-mediated inflammatory responses, and reduce the expression of iNOS and COX-2 [28,45,46], thereby enhancing thermogenesis and alleviating obesity through improved inflammation. Here, TLR4 is linked to obesity disorder.