Therefore, addressing obesity is imperative, not only to alleviate clinical symptoms, such as excessive weight gain, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and adverse fat distribution, but also to fundamentally investigate the underlying mechanisms, including reduced fat absorption, improved insulin sensitivity, and the modulation of gut microbiota, with enhancing adipose tissue browning being a key approach for the prevention and control of obesity [4]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.