Specifically, in the case of GDM, lipid species plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine (PE P) with 22:6 acyl groups were found to be up-regulated, while phosphatidylethanolamine binding proteins-1 (PEBP1), which preferentially binds to phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) was down-regulated. The gene discussed is PEBP1; the disease is gestational diabetes.