INS and dermatitis: By ranking the pathways according to -Log p values and the number of enriched genes, it was found that cassava leaf extract primarily participates in potential pathways related to alleviating skin inflammation, including the PPAR signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, and steroid hormone biosynthesis [36,37,38,39,40,41].