4E-BP2 deamidation rates in the neuronal projections, consisting mainly of axons, control the occurrence and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, and establish a unified regulatory system which applies to four different biochemical processes: (1) deamidation, (2) translational control, (3) neurodegeneration, and (4) oxidative stress. The gene discussed is EIF4EBP2; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.