miR-21 significantly contributes to T2DM by modulating key pathways that worsen insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction by modulating pathways such as EGFR/Akt, Ras/MAPK (via Sprouty 2), and PI3K/Akt/NF-κB [27,28,29,30]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.