We may suspect that a portion of PCOS cases may have an autoimmune cause, as indicated by the presence of autoantibodies directed against components of the HPO axis and interfering with their functional domains, such as GnRHR-ECL2-activating autoantibodies [13,54] or anti-FSH autoantibodies targeting the V14D epitope [55]. Here, GNRHR is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.