Eight studies investigated monocytes/macrophages in the liver under diabetes, using nine markers to identify monocytes/macrophages in mice (CD11b, Ly6C, F4/80, CD11c, CD206, and CD86) and humans (CD14, CD16, and CD68) at protein or RNA levels (Table 1) [22,24,25,26,27,28,32,34]. This evidence concerns the gene CD86 and diabetes mellitus.