Previous studies have shown that MMP3, which is mostly secreted by macrophages, neutrophils, and fibroblasts, interacts with various cells in the TME, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and other immune cells, to promote tumor progression and resistance mechanisms [66,67]. Here, MMP3 is linked to neoplasm.