An important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is played by the genes ALB, SHBG, APOC, APOC3, APOC4, and SAA4, of which APOC3 and APOC4 make a major contribution to the occurrence of atherosclerosis and also to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [91,92,93]. The gene discussed is APOC4; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.