INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Results: Our findings show that genetically predicted T1D (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.09, p < 0.001), T2D (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04–1.14, p < 0.001), and BMI (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.49 to 1.80, p < 0.001) had causal effects on the incidence of PE, while the effects of HbA1c (OR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.02, p = 0.064) and fasting insulin levels (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 0.89 to 2.05, p = 0.153) on the occurrence of PE were not significant.