Translocation RCC, or microphthalmia-associated transcription factor family translocation RCC (MiTF-tRCC), encompasses a rare group of diseases involving translocations affecting the short arm of the X chromosomes and fusions of the TFE3, TFEB, or MITF genes [60,61]. The gene discussed is MITF; the disease is renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions.