PKA activity (Fig. 6B; AS−DM: mean ± SEM: 0.8585 ± 0.05341 ng/μL; AS+DM: 0.6649 ± 0.05079 ng/μL) was significantly reduced, accompanied by diminished PKA-dependent phosphorylation of Ser4010 within the elastic N2-Bus titin sequence (Fig. 6C; AS−DM: mean ± SEM: 27.65 ± 3.620 a.u.; AS+DM: 18.83 ± 1.965 a.u.)in the diabetic cohort compared to the non-diabetic AS patient group. The gene discussed is TTN; the disease is aortic stenosis.