These results show that N1-TANs can promote fibroblasts to express substantial chemokines (e.g. CXCL8 and CXCL2) and collagen family genes (e.g. COL11A1 and COL1A2) via IL1B-IL1R1, indicating the existence of a positive regulatory anti-tumor network based on N1-TANs and fibroblasts (Fig. S21b, c). Here, IL1R1 is linked to neoplasm.