MKI67 and neoplasm: As shown in Fig. 4e and f, RA-PDT induced a statistically significant decrease in mitotic activity (50% (95% CI: 43.91%, 56.60%) Ki-67 positive cells) in the tumour tissue, when compared with other treatments (71% (95% CI: 66.95%, 74.96%) in PBS, 70% (95% CI: 63.58%, 76.37%) in FA-LPHNPs-VP, and 67% (95% CI: 59.86%, 74.02%) in X-ray, p < 0.005; Two-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison post hoc test).