As shown in Fig. 5e–g, RA-PDT induced a considerable decrease in mitotic activity and tumour cells invasion levels in inguinal lymph node tissues (1.74% (95% CI: 1.46%, 2.02%) Ki-67-positive and 7.14% (95% CI: 4.94%, 9.34%) cytokeratin-positive cells, respectively), compared with PBS, FA-LPHNPs-VP, and X-ray groups. This evidence concerns the gene MKI67 and neoplasm.