DTYMK and triple-negative breast carcinoma: This indicates that dTMP, which is regulated by DTYMK, plays a significant role in tumour progression and immune response regulation across diverse cancer types (Lan et al., 2022);In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), cytoplasmic cytidylyl-5’-phosphate hydrolase (CT) induces apoptosis by hydrolysing dTMP, thereby creating a nucleotide imbalance.