Studies have found that during Gram-positive bacterial infections, the gut microbiota can induce the production of Small Proline-Rich Protein 2A (SPRR2A), which disrupts the cell membrane of Gram-positive bacteria, preventing such bacteria from breaching the intestinal barrier (Settanni et al., 2021; Li and Roy, 2023; Liu et al., 2023; Masenga and Kirabo, 2023; Suslov et al., 2024). The gene discussed is SPRR2A; the disease is gram-positive bacterial infections.