CFTR and cystic fibrosis: This review will focus on the elucidation of mechanisms behind CF lung repair in response to 1- injury following infection; 2- virulence strategies employed by Pa to damage and impair these processes; and 3- the complex immune system mechanisms to combat Pa. Moreover, this review will explore how recent advances in CFTR modulator therapies have affected all these processes and discuss other therapeutic strategies on the horizon for pwCF.