HPGD and pulmonary hypertension: Of which, HPGD and PIEZO2 are central to vascular dysfunction, with HPGD downregulation driving angiogenesis and pulmonary hypertension via enhanced endothelial proliferation and reduced apoptosis, while PIEZO2 deficiency impairs NO synthesis and promotes EndMT, exacerbating PAH and SCI-related complications.