Monoclonal antibodies targeting the programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway—such as Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, Avelumab, and Durvalumab—have demonstrated considerable efficacy and offer new therapeutic opportunities for many cancer patients. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is cancer.