Future studies must prioritize diverse cohorts to disentangle genetic and environmental interactions, particularly for ADH1 C, where alcohol consumption may modulate its activity in PDD progression.In a comparable study, a multi-omics investigation utilizing metabolomics and metagenomics techniques in a cynomolgus monkey model revealed an association between gut microbial metabolites, such as PDPC, and a Parkinson's disease-associated gene (SLC5 A3). Here, ADH1C is linked to Parkinson disease.