In addition, as expected from Figure 2, no effects of fecal bEVs treatment were observed on total amount of astrocytes in the hippocampus of AppNL-G-F AD (Figure S2(a – b)) and WT mice (Figure S3(a – b)), but also astrocyte activation did not appear to be affected based on quantitative morphometric 3D analysis of GFAP+ astrocytes (Figure S2(c – d)). Here, GFAP is linked to Alzheimer disease.