In addition, STAT3-inhibiting therapy could be limited due to accompanying adverse drug reactions, including infections, rectal hemorrhage, abnormal liver function, thrombocyto- and neutropenia, anemia, and neurological disorders.[41] Therefore, there is an urgent need to exploit new therapeutic targeting core components in development of NSCLC with potent efficacy and safety in the clinic. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and anemia.