In the early stages, it makes up 14% to 20%, whereas in advanced CKD without dialysis, it makes up 25% to 40%.[8,9] Reduced urine excretion, the use of high blood pressure medication like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or increased intake of potassium-rich diets are linked to the development of hyperkalemia in patients with CKD. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is chronic kidney disease.