BRCA1 and breast cancer: The association with genetic factors is usually observed in patients with a family history due to the inheritance of autosomal dominant cancer susceptibility.47 The important inherited mutations include those in the BRCA1 and BRCA2, TP53, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), serine-threonine kinase-11 (STK11/LKB1), and cadherin 1-type 1 (CDH1) genes.49,50 Approximately 25% of breast cancers are considered hereditary and are caused by mutations in one of the aforementioned genes.