In contrast, abnormal psychological behaviors, cognitive impairments, serum LDH, serum calcium, CSF glucose, serum oligoclonal bands (OCBs), CD4+ICOS+, CD4+CXCR5+ICOS+, CD19+PD-L1+, and plasma sICOSL were more prominent in the early AE group. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is Cognitive impairment.