IL6 and coinfection: Thus, we investigated the effect of Limosilactobacillus reuteri LRE11 (DSM 33827), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LR04 (DSM 16605), Lacticaseibacillus casei LC04 (DSM 33400), and their co-culture (L3) cell-free supernatants (CFSs) and/or that of vitamin D in reducing cell cytotoxicity and interleukin (IL)-6 production by a human hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma (FaDu) cell line after co-infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis.